Machine for grinding metal.



W. LE R. BRYANT. MACHINE FOR GRINDING METAL.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 8, 1916. 1,290,896. Patented @11.14, 1919.

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MACHINE FOR GRINUING METAL.

l APPLICATION FILED FEB. 8. 1916. 1,290,896, Patented Jan.14,1919,

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W. LE R. BRYANT. MACHINE FOR GRINDING METAL.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 8,1916. 1,290,896, Patented Ja11.14,l919.

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MACHINE FOB GRINDING METAL. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 8 I9I6.

W. LE R. BRYANT.

MACmNE FOR GmNDlNG METAL.

APPLICAIION FILED IEB. 8. 1916- 1,290,896. Patented Jan. 14,1919.

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W| LL. IAM LEREIY EIRYAWT WLLIAM LE ROY BRYANT, OF SPRINGFIELD, VERMONT.

MACHINE Fon GRINDING METAL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented 1' an. 14, 1919.

Application filed-February 8.1917. Serial No. 147,392.

ing Metal, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has relation to machines for grinding metal, and, whileit is more particularly adapted for external grinding, yet there arecertain features thereof which may be employed in connection with amachine for internal grinding.

The object of the invention is to secure a greater accuracy in thegrinding operation by an elimination Vof the overhang of the grindingtool, thereby enabling a stiii'er and more sta'ble control, andtoprovide other improvements which are hereinafter described.

In accordance with the present invention, the support for the grindingwheel is fixed upon the bed of the machine, and the work, which is heldeither in centers or in a chuck, is reciprocated longitudinally so as tocause the work to be'fed relatively to the grinding wheel. The diametercontrol is secured by mounting the .carrier for the work to swing aboutan axis parallel to the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel, so that,while the workcarriage isv fed longitudinally, it may be also fedlaterally, all in reference to the grinding wheel.

In addition to the foregoing features, the invention includes certainother features of construction and arrangement of parts resulting in amode of operation, all as illustrated upon the accompanying drawings,described in the following specification, and particularized in theclaims.

Referring *to the accompanying drawings,-

Figure 1 represents in front elevation a grinding machine embodying theinvention.

Fig. 2 represents an end elevation.

Fig. 3 represents, on a larger scale, mechavnism for eifecting thecross-feed and securing the diameter control of the work. This view issubstantially a section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1.- o

Figs. 4 and 5 illustrate a part of the mechanism for effecting thelength and cross-feeds of the work.

Fig. 6 shows the gear and rack for 'feeding the pivot bar upon which thework carrier is hung.

7 illustrates partially in transverse vertical section the mechanismillustrated in Figs.4 and 6 inclusive.

Fig. 8 illustrates tail-center mechanism on the workcarriage. y

Fig. 9 represents the head-center mechanism on the work carriage.

Fig. 10 shows the head-center as being removed and a chuck inserted inits place.

Figs. 11 and l2 illustrate a work rest mounted in close proximity to thegrinding wheel, past which the work may be reciprocated.

Fig. 13 illustrates in longitudinal section the tool carrier and thegrinding wheel supported thereby.

Some of the details of. construction of the devices, which areincorporated in the pres' ent machine, may be found in the machineillustrated and described in Letters Patent No. 1051483, dated January28, 1913, and reference therefore may be had to said Letters Patent forthose features of construction and arrangement which are not hereinafterdescribed with particularity.

Referring now to the drawings, the machine there illustrated isAprovided with a .bed 2O supported at its end on suitable uprights 21,22. The lbed and' its supporting uprights may be all cast in one pieceif desired. Upon the bed ,is adjustably secured rigidly the tool carrier23. Said tool carrier has bearings 231, Q32, for the spindle 24, uponwhich is mounted the grinding wheel 25. The spindle 24 is driven by abelt, not shown, which impartsrpower to either of two pulleys 26, 26, onsaid spindle. The end of the spindle, which carries the grinding wheelQ5, is supported close to the wheel by the bearing 231, so that theWheel is held rigidly against lateral movement under operating strains.f The carriage Q3 is preferably supported on a rearwardly projectingportion27 ofthe bed, (see Fig. 2) to which is also secured' a guard orcasing 2S which partially inclo'ses the grinding wheel. The main castingof the tool carrier partially incloses a portion of the spindle and itsbearings as indicated in Fig. 1. The tool carrier is adjustablehorizontally in lines transverse to the bed.

The work carrier as a whole lis indicated at 30 and it is provided witharms 31, 31,

nally ot its axis but also to oscillate about its anis. it isjournaledat its ends in the separated bearings 34, 35, (see Fig. 6) instandards 36, 37, located at the ends of the bed, or far enough apart topermit the desired maximum length feed of the work. Between the hubs 32and the bea-rings 34, 35, there are telescopic tubular casings 38, 38,to prevent foreign matter from reaching the journals or bearings Jforthe bar. Beyond the ends of the bearings 34, 35, there are also tubularcasings 39, 40, for the ends of the bar. Any suitable mechanism may beutilized for reciprocating the bar 33 and thereby imparting a lengthfeed to the work which is supported upon the work carrier. In Fig. 6, l"have illustrated the end of the bar as being provided with worm rackteeth 41 with which is engaged a worm gear 42 mounted upon a Shaft 43transverse to the axis of the bar 33. rThe shaft 43 projects forwardlyand is provided with a large worin wheel 44 intermeshing with and drivenby a worm 45 formed on or secured to a shait 46. As a matter ofconstruction, the shaft 43 is mounted in a sleeve or tubular ilange 47projecting rearwardly from the casing 48. said sleeve or ange beingrmounted in a suitable bearing or support 49 in the standard 37 of thebed. @n the extremity of the shaft 43 there is a spoked or handle wheel50 by which the shaft 43 may be rotated by hand in either direction. Theworm shaft 46 is journaled in a bracket 5l having rearwardly projectingears 52 secured to a rock shaft supported in bearings aiorded by thecasing 48 as shown in Fig. 7. A handle 54 is Secured to the rock shaft53 so that the bracket 51 may be swung upwardly for the purpose ontdisengaging the worm 45 Jfrom the worm wheel 44. As shown in Fig. thereare placed upon the opposite ends of the worm shaft 46 two looselymounted pulleys 56, 5T. which may be alternately clutched to the shaft46 by any suitable form of clutch mechanism operated by the bell cranklever 58. A round belt, not shown, passes around the pulleys 56 and 57and over a pulley 59, and is driven from a countershaft, with the resultthat the pulleys 57, 56, are driven constantly in opposite directions.Any suitable mechanism for shifting,r the bell crank lever 58 may beemployed. As shown. it is operated automatically by a lever 60 having' aright-angle arm 61 provided with a sp1-ingrpressed beveled pin 62 toengage a comple mental beveled pinff63 on one arm of the bell crank 58,as illustrated in Fig. 5. By rocking the lever 60 to the right or to theleft in Fig. 4, the clutch-operating bell crank 58 may be moved in onedirection or the other and there held to cause the pulley 56 or thepulley 57, as the case may be, to be clutched to the worm shaft 46. rlhelever 60 is automatically operated by anv suitable mechanism,

Lacasse such forexample as a disk @t heyed upon the shaft 43 andprovided in its tace with a circular undercut slot 65 to receive theadjustable studs or projections Si?, 68. The lever 60 is provided with astud or projection 69 which may be engaged alternately by the studs 67,68. as the disk rotates in one direction or the other to cause saidlever to he swung to operate the clutch mechanism. The disk 64 is infront ct, and coaxial with, the worm wheel 44, which latter is mountedloosely on the shaft 43. The said worm wheel is apertured so as toprovide a rib or spoke 70. and the disk isx formed with two rearwardlyextending ears 7l, 7l, carrying 80 adjustable abutment screws 72, 72.Hence, when the worin A`wheel is rotated in one direction or the other.the rib or spolre 70 thereon engages one or the other ot' the abutmentscrews 72 and carries the disk with it. The 85 ends of the abutmentscrews are separated so that there is a certain amount of lost motionbetween the worm wheel and the disk. As a result of this construction,when the worm wheel is reversed in rotation, there is a period of restfor the disk before itis engaged and rotated by the worm wheel. 7l'liisconstruction permits the work carriage to remain at restfor a period oftime at each end of its forward and rearward travel, said period beingincreased or decreased according to the adjustment of the abutmentscrews T2. 72, toward and from each other. The lever (30, which operatesthe clutch mechanism, may be pivoted in any suitable manner, preferablyat its upper end as illustrated in Fig. 7. ln this ease, it will benoted that the upper end of the lever 60 is forked and is pivoted uponthe pivot pin 'Z3 located in the bracket 51. @ne arm of the forliextends into the hollow bracket and is formed with the arm 61, whereasthe ether arm of the fork lies in front of the bracket 5l, thislast-meutioned arm being indicated at 74. This is a mere detail ofconstruction, however. which is not at all essential, although it isdesirable as it prevents any forward or rearward swing of the arm 60when engaged b v the studs 67, 68. From the construction thus Yillustrated and described, it will be apparent 115 that the pivot har orcylinder 33 and the carriage supported thereby will be automaticallyrcciprocated in lines parallel to the axis of said 'bar and parallel tothe axis of the work spindle.

The work carriage is preferablyv provided with means i'or holditngIr thework on centers. although. as will be explained. thc work :may be heldin a chuck. Seen in end view as in Fig. 2, thc arms 3l extend downward]v and forwardly and then are curved downwardly and rearwardly, and thecarriage 30 has a fiat face or table 80, which is in therear of thearms, to receive the head-stock and the tail-stock which arerespectively clamped thereon in any suitable Way. For example, thecarriage 30 1s provided Wirth a longitudinal undercut groove 81 toreceive the heads of clamping bolts 82 by which the tapering aperture atthe inner end of the spindle 93 is inserted the head-center 94. Taperbushings 95, 96, may be inserted in the bearings 91, 92, butthese andother details of construction need not be described at length as anysuitable form of bearing construction may be utilized. When the Work isheld in centers, there is journaled u-pon the inner end of the spindle apulley 97 by which the Work may be rotated in the usual manner; Whereas,when the Work is held in a chuck, a: Chuck 98 may be secured to thespindle as shown in Fig. 10. In the latter case, the spindle is drivenby a pulley 99 keyed thereon. Ordinarily, when the Work is mounted oncenters, the spindle and the pulley 99 are held against rotation by aspring-pressed pin 100, the tapered end of which may be engaged With anyone of a series of tapered sockets 101 in the pulley 99, as illustratedin Fig. 9.

The tail-stock, as illustrated Ein Fig. 8, is indicated at 110 and it isp-rovided With bearings 111, 112, forthe non-rotary hollow spindle orsleeve 113, into the inner end vof which the tail-center 114 isinserted. The sleeve or spindle 113 isn-ormally forced to the lett by aspring 115 which encircles the reduced end 116 of the spindle and whichabuts against a threaded sleeve 117 provided with a pin 118 entering alongitudinal slot in the said reduced end 116. The sleeve 117 isthreaded into a sleeve 119 held in place by the threaded collar 120.'The reduced end of the sleeve119 has secured thereto a hand wheel 121'bywhich it may be rotated to adjust the sleeve 117. On the end 115 of thespindle there is an elongated internally threaded collar 122 having amlilled head 123 by which it may be rotated to adjust the spindlerelatively to the sleeve 117. By virtue lof this construction, it Willbe seen that the spindle and its tail-center Will be forced yieldinglyto the left by spring pressure so as to cause the tail-center to engagethe end of the Work.- A roll 123 is secured on a stud 125 projectingradially from the sleeve or spindle 113, and it lies in a grooveextending diametrically across the face of a disk 126, formed on orsecured to an upwardly projecting rock-shaft 127, the axis of which isoset from .the axis of the spindle 113. A handle 128 is secured to saidshaft and may be' arranged at any angle thereon. The groove in the disk126 is transverse to said axis and the roll 123 lies near the end of thegroove, so that, by rocking the shaft 127 by the handle 128, the spindlewill be Withdrawn against the pressure of spring 115 to dlsengage thetail-center from the Work.-

The center will be normally held yieldingly in engagement with the Workduring the operation of the tool upon the Work when the handle isreleased. i

By the provision of the head-stock and tail-stock as described, a bar ofWork! may be ground from end to end, since the feeding movement oi' theWork carrier may be of sufficient length to accomplish this result, Ofcourse the extent to Whichthe Work is fed or reciprocated depends uponthe location of the studs 67, 68, on the disk 64 hereinbeforedescribed,'since these studs may be rotatively adjusted about the axisof the disk to secure any desired length'of feed of it is held forwardlyby yielding means to be described. The carriage is so hung from thepivot bar that the head-stock and tailstock normally lie under the pivotbar or cylinder as shown in Fig. 2. The Work carrier is provided Withmeans for supporting a longitudinal bar or templet 130. As illustratedin Figs.'2 and 3, the Work carriage is formed with a series of undercutguide- Ways 131, in which are placed the heads of depending bolts 132,to which the templet 130 is secured by the nuts 133 and collars 134. Thetemplet may be arranged in parallelism With the axis of the Work or itmay be arranged at an angle thereto for taper grinding, and it may berectilinear on its operative face, or it may be shouldered ment which isarranged horizontallyV and which bears against the front edge thereof,and this pin or abutment is adjustable both manually and automaticallyfor the purpose 'of positioring the Work relatively to the grindingWheel and also for cross-feeding the work relatively to the wheel. Forthis. purpose, substantially the same mechanism for adjusting theabutment may be utilized as described in my Letters Patent hereinbeforereferred to. I need not describe this mechanism in great detail, itbeing sufficient to state that the abutment consists of a headed pin 140placed in the hollow end of a. bar 141 mounted to slide in a bearing 142supported by the bed. `The forward end of the bar 141 is screw-threadedas at 143, and it extends through a hollow sleeve nut 144 having on itsextremity a wheel 145 by which it may be rotated. rllhis wheel is formedwith a ratchet 146 adapted to be engaged b y a pawl 147 (see Fig. 1)carried by a lever 148 pivoted at 1481 to the front of the bed. Theoscillation of this lever causes the rotation of the ratchet 146 andtherefore of the nut 144. Any suitable means, such as described in mysaid Letters Patent, may be utilized for rendering the ratchet 147inactive at any predetermined time. The leve-r 148 is oscillatedautomatically from the mechanism which controls the length feed ofthework. To this end. there is connected to the lever 148 a rod 149 pivotedto the depending arm 150 of a bell crank lever. `Thc other arm 151 ofsaid lever is provided with a roll 152 adapted to be engaged by a roll153 on the lower end of the lever 60 which \has previouslv beendescribed as shown in Fig. 4. Each time the lever 60 is oscillated tocause the operation of the clutch mechanism (which operations take placeat each end of the forward and rearward travel of the work), the bellcrank lever 150 is actuated to move the lever 148 in one direction orthe other. Hence, for each complete forward and rcturn movement of thework carriage, the ratchet 146 is advanced so as to feed the Worktransversely toward the grinding wheel. Any suitable mechanism may beutilized to accomplish this result in lieu of that which I haveillustrated and described. The templet and the coperating abutmentconstitute complemental means for guiding the Work carrier during itslengthwise feeding movements.

, For holding the work carriage at the extremity of its movement awayfrom the grinding tool, I may utilize any suitable spring mechanism,such for example as shown in Figs. 2 and The mechanism illustratedconsists of a roll 170 which en gages the under side of the workcarrier. The roll is mounted in the forked end of a spindle 171` thelower end of which extends through a bracket 172 which may be conveniently formed on the bearing` 142 previously referred to. A spring 173 encircles the spindle 171 and one end bears against a shoulder on thespindle .near the forked end thereof and the other end of which bearsagainst the bracket 172. If desired, more than one of these devices maybe utilized,

Lacasse depending upon the size and weight of the machine.

If desired, I may also employ rests for the work as shown in Figs. 11and 12. rI`his work rest consists of a base 190 adapted to be secured tothe work carrier and having two cylindrical bearings 191, 192, arrangedwith their axes at an angle slightly less than 900. In each bearingthere is a slide 195i to which is adjustably secured a bar 194, the endof which may engage the work a. llach bar or rest is longitudinallyslotted to receive the bolts 195 by which it is secured to the slide.rlhe outer end of each slide is hollowed to receive a spring 196, oneend of which bears against the slide and the other against a cap 197screwed upon the cylindrical bearing. A screw 198, having a milled head199, extends through the cap and through the spring, and is threadedinto the slide. This construction enables the work rest to yieldslightly under excess strains. As shown in Fig. 11, one of the rests issubstantially radial to the axis of the grinding wheel, whereas theother is arranged beneath the work so as to support it against verticaldepression. The work rest mechanism may be supported upon the carriage,or if desired, it may be placed upon the bed.

In the foregoing description, I have not attempted to describe in detailthe entire construction of the machine which I have illustrated upon thedrawings, but to refer to only those features which are germanc to thepresent invention; and, even in this case, it will be understood thatmany of the details which I have described may be changed or variedwithout departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

In. the machine as described, the pivot bar or cylinder forms, to allintents and purposes, a portion of the work carrier, the arms of whichare rigidly clamped thereto, so that the bar and the carrier bothoscillate and reciprocate. If desired, however, the carrier could bearranged to be moved longitudinally of the bar. and to oscillatethereon, although I should not consider the latter arrangement as quiteso desirable. In either case, however, the portions of the bar whichextend beyond the carriage and are mounted on the bed may be regarded astrunnions for the carriage, since the oscillatory and reciprocatorymovements of the carriage may be thereby secured; and moreover in 'bothcases the center of oscillation of the carrier would be coincident withthe axis of said bar. By the construction and arrangement of parts whichI have herein tlesuibed, I secure a rigidity of control which is mostdesirable. This is enhanced by the location of the abutment 140 (of thecross-feeding mechanism) in the same transverse vertical planes with thegrinding the advantages incident to the various features of theinvention, as embodied in the afore-described machine, will be apparent,not the least of which are simplicityof construction, ease of adjustmentof the adjustable elements, accuracy of operation, and

l accessibility of the variousparts upon-.1n-

spection, repair or renewal.

.Having thus explained the nature of my said invention and described away of vmaking-and using the same, although without attempting to setforth all of the forms yin which it may be'made or all of the modes ofits use, what I claim is:

1. A grinding machine comprising a bed,

i a grinding tool thereon, a work carrier having oppositely .projectingtrunnions, means on the bed in which said trunnions are mounted, meanson the said work carrier for continuously rotating the work on an axislaterally remote from the axis of said trunnions, means for effecting a'relative length feed of the work carrier and the grinding tool, andmeans for eiiecting a step-by-step movement of said work carrier aboutthe. axis of said trunnions to effect a cross feed of the rotating workrelatively to the grinding tool.

2. A grinding machine comprising a bed, a grinding tool mounted on saidbed, an oscillatory work carrier having oppositely projecting trunnions,bearings on the bed for said trunnions, coacting guide members for thework carrier, meansforreciprocating said carrier while guided by saidmembers to feed the work lengthwise, and means for moving one of saidguide members to impart a crosswise feed to the work carrier.

3. A grinding machine comprising a bed, a grinding wheel supported onsaid bed, a pivot bar, bearings on said bed in which said pivot barv mayslide longitudinally, a work carrier movable longitudinally with saidbar and also adapted to oscillate about the axis of said bar, means forreciprocating said bar axially, and means for moving said carrier aboutthe axis of said bar.

4. A grinding machine comprising a bed, a grinding wheel supported onsaid bed, separated bearings on said bed, a pivot b ar arranged :both toslide and to oscillate in said bearings, a workcarrier secured to saidbar to slide and to oscillate therewith, automatic mechanism forreciprocating said pivot bar, and mechanism for automatically movingsaid carrier and bar about the axis of the latter tocross-feed the work.

5. A grinding machine comprising a bed,

a grinding tool, a support therefor .on the bed, a work carrier, meansfor supporting said work carrier. to swing about an axis parallel to theaxis of the grinding tool,

means for automatically moving said work carrier lengthwise -of its said'axis of movement, and means for automatically moving said work carrierabout its said axis, whereby the work is fed both lengthwise andcrosswise in reference to said grinding tool.

6. A grinding machine-comprising a bed, a grinding tool, asupport'therefor on the bed, a work carrier, bearings on the-bed,aipivot bar for the work carrier supported in said bearings, ahead-stock and a tail-stock for the work both mounted on said workcarrier, means for guiding said work carrier on lines longitudinal ofthe pivot bar, and means for moving said work carrier longitudinally ofthe axis of said bar.

7; A grinding machine comprising a bed, a grinding tool, asupporttherefor on the bed, a work carrier, means for supporting saidwork carrier t0 swing about an axis parallel to the axis of the grindingtool, and mechanism for automatically reciprocating said work carrierlengthwise of its axis of movement, said mechanism including means forcausing said carrier to continue at rest for a period of time at the endof each lengthwise movement of said carrier.

8. A grinding machine comprising a bed, a grinding tool, means forsupporting said tool stationarily of the bed, a work carrier movableboth longitudinally and transversely in relation to the grinding tool,and mechanism for automatically reciprocating said work carrierlongitudinally, including a shaft, a clutch mechanism controlling thedirection of rotation of said shaft, a gear driven' alternatelyl inopposite directions by said shaft, a clutch-controlled lever, a diskcoaxial with said gear and having projections for alternate engagementwith the clutch lever, and 'y means for connecting said disk and saidgear and for permitting lost motion between them, whereby the disk mayremain temporarily at rest after the direction of rotation of said gearhas been reversed and the gear is moving in the reverse direction.

9. A grinding machine comprising a bed, a tool carrier stationarilymounted on the bed, separated bearings on said bed, a pivot barmountedto slide in said bearings, a work carrier hung upon said pivotbar, and formed or provided with a support, and means adjustably securedupon said support for holding and rotating the work.

10. A grinding machine comprising a bed, a tool carrier stationarilymounted on the bed, bearings on said bed, a pivot bar mounted to slidein said bearings, a work carrier hung upon said pivot bar, and formed orprovided with a support laterally offset from the axis of said bar, aheadfstock and a tail-stock secured upon said support and havingoppositely projecting averli centers, coacting guide members for saidWork support. arranged to guide the said support in lines longitudinalof said bar, and means for reciprocating said bar and said Work support.

ll. A grinding machine comprising a. bed, a tool carrier stationarilymounted on the bed, separated bearings on said bed, a pivot bar mountedto slide in said bearings, a Work carrier hung upon said pivot bar, andformed or provided with a support, a headstock and a tail-stock havingoppositely projecting work centers, said stocks being secured upon saidsupport, and mechanisms for automatically reciprocating'said bar andoscillating said carrier on the axis of said bar. l. x

1:2. i grinding machine comprising a bed, a grinding wheel thereon,separated bearings on said bed, a pivoubar arranged to slide in saidbearings, a; Work carrier. hung on said bar to move about the axisthereof, a templet secured to said Work carrier and arrangedlongitudinally Athereof an abutment supported by the bed an Iengagingsaid templet, and means for moving said abutment to cross-feed the Workcarrier, said abutment and said grinding wheel bein located insubstantially the same vertica transverse planes.

13. A grinding machine comprising a bed, a grinding tool mounted on Saidbed, a Work carrier mounted to move about an axis to ward and from saidgrinding tool, coactng guide members remote from said axis, .arranged toguide vsaid Work carrier along lines longitudinali of said airis, meansfor reciprocating said Work carrier While guided mense@ by said membersto iced the work lengthwise7 and means for moving one of said guidemembers to impart a, crosswise ieed to the Work.

14. A grinding machine comprising a bed having-upright bearings, a pivotbar mounted in said bearings, a pendant Work carrier having arms hungupon said bar between said bearings, Work supporting and rotating meanssupported on said carrier remote from said bar, coacting guide members,one supported by the bed and one by the Work carrier for guiding saidWork carrier in lines of travel longitudinal of -the bar, and means forreciprocating said Work carrier along said longitudinal lines foreecting a lengthwise feed of `the Work in relation to tne grinding tool.

l5. A grinding machine comprising a bed having upright bearings, a.pivot bar mounted in said bearings, a pendant Work carrier having, armshung upon said bar between said bearings, work supporting and rotatingmeans supported on said carrier remote from said bar, coacting guidemembers, one snppor'ted by the bed and one by the Work carn rier forguiding said Work carrier in lines of travel longitudinal of the bar,means for reciprocating said work carrier along said longitudinallines-for eecting a lengthwise feed of the Work in relation to thegrinding tool, and means for moving one of said guide memberstransversely of said lines o travel to cross-feed the work about theaxis of said bar.

in testimony whereof l have axed my signature,

WllLLllAM LE RY BRYANT..

